1. A pitot tube is used to measure
A. pressure
B. difference in pressure
C. velocity of flow
D. none of these.
Answer: C
2. The thickness of a sharp crested weir is kept less than
A. one-third of the height of water on the sill
B. one-half of the height of water on the sill
C. one-fourth of the height of water on the sill
D. two-third of the height of water on the sill
E. none of these.
Answer: B
3. The property of steam function ψ is :
A. ψ is constant everwhere on any stream line
B. the flow around any path in the fluid is zero for continuous flow
C. the rate of change of ψ with distance in an arbitrary direction, is proportional to the component of velocity normal to that direction
D. the velocity vector may be found by differentiating the stream function
E. all the above.
Answer: E
4. The maximum vacuum created at the summit of a syphon is
A. 2.7 m of water
B. 7.4 m of water
C. 5.5 m of water
D. none.
Answer: B
5. The total pressure force on a plane area is equal to the area multiplied by the intensity of pressure at its centroid, if
A. area is horizontal
B. area is vertical
C. area is inclined
D. all the above.
Answer: D
6. If the volume of a liquid weighing 3000 kg is 4 cubic metres, 0.75 is its
A. specific weight
B. specific mass
C. specific gravity
D. none of these.
Answer: C
7. Bernoulli’s equation assumes that
A. fluid is non-viscous
B. fluid is homogeneous
C. flow is steady
D. flow is along the stream line
E. all the above.
Answer: E
8. A syphon is used
A. to connect water reservoirs at different levels intervened by a hill
B. to supply water to a town from higher level to lower level
C. to fill up a tank with water at higher level from a lower level
D. none of these.
Answer: A
9. The ratio of maximum velocity to average velocity of viscous fluid through a circular pipe is
A. 0.5
B. 0.75
C. 1.25
D. 2.00
Answer: D
10. The shear stress distribution in viscous fluid through a circular pipe is :
A. maximum at the centre
B. maximum at the inside of surface
C. same throughout the section
D. none of these.
Answer: C
11. The side slope of Cipolletti weir is generally kept
A. 1 to 4
B. 1 to 3
C. 1 to 2
D. 1 : 5
Answer: A
12. The momentum correction factor (β) for the viscous flow through a circular pipe is
A. 1.25
B. 1.33
C. 1.50
D. 1.66
E. 2.00
Answer: B
13. A piezometer opening in pipes measures
A. velocity head
B. static pressure
C. total pressure
D. negative static pressure.
Answer: B
14. An independent mass of a fluid does not posses
A. elevation energy
B. kinetic energy
C. pressure energy
D. none of these.
Answer: C
15. A short tube mouthpiece will not run full at its outlet if the head under which the orifice works, is
A. less than 12.2 m of the water
B. more than 12.2 m of the water
C. equal of 12.2 m of water
D. none of these.
Answer: B
16. Hydrostatic pressure on a dam depends upon its
A. length
B. depth
C. shape
D. material
E. both (b) and (c).
Answer: E
17. Maximum efficiency of transmission of power through a pipe, is
A. 25%
B. 33.3%
C. 50%
D. 66.67%.
Answer: D
18. An ideal flow of a liquid obeys
A. Continuity equation
B. Newton’s law of viscosity
C. Newton’s second law of motion
D. dynamic viscosity law,
Answer: A
19. Reynold number is the ratio of initial force and
A. viscosity
B. elasticity
C. gravitational force
D. surface tension.
Answer: A
20. When a body is totally or partially immersed in a fluid, it is buoyed up by a force equal to
A. weight of the body
B. weight of the fluid displaced by the body
C. weight of the body and fluild displaced by the body
D. difference of weights of the fluid displaced and that of the body
E. none of these.
Answer: B
21. If the total head of the nozzle of a pipe is 37.5 m and discharge is 1 cumec, the power generated is
A. 400 H.P.
B. 450 H.P.
C. 500 H.P.
D. 550 H.P.
Answer: C
22. The phenomenon occuring in an open channel when a rapidly flowing stream abruptly changes to a slowly flowing stream causing a distinct rise of liquid surface, is
A. water hammer
B. hydraulic jump
C. critical discharge
D. none of these.
Answer: B
23. The horizontal component of the force on a curved surface is equal to
A. weight of liquid vertically below the curved surface
B. force on a vetical projection of the curved surface
C. product of pressure at its centroid and the area
D. weight of liquid retained by the curved area.
Answer: B
24. The radius of gyration of the water line of a floating ship is 4 m and its metacentric height is 72.5 cm. The period of oscillation of the ship, is
A. π
B. 2π
C. 3π
D. 4π
E. π/2
Answer: C
25. Highest dam in India, is
A. Bhakra dam
B. Hirakund dam
C. Nagarjuna Sagar dam
D. Iddiki dam.
Answer: A
26. Differential manometers are used to measure
A. pressure in water channels, pipes, etc.
B. difference in pressure at two points
C. atmospheric pressure
D. very low pressure.
Answer: B
27. Liquids
A. cannot be compressed
B. do not occupy definite shape
C. are not affected by change in pressure and temperature
D. none of these.
Answer: B
28. The ratio of the percentagge error in the discharge and percentage error in the measurement of head over a triangular notch, is
A. 2/3
B. 3/2
C. 2/5
D. 5/2
Answer: D
29. The ratio of the inertia and gravitational force acting in any flow, ignoring other forces, is called
A. Euler number
B. Frode number
C. Reynold number
D. Weber number.
Answer: B
30. Non-over flow double curvature concrete arch, is provided in
A. Bhakra dam
B. Hirakund dam
C. Nagarjuna Sagar dam
D. Idukki dam.
Answer: D
31. For the most economical trapezoidal open channel,
A. half of the top width must be equal to one of the sloping sides
B. the hydraulic mean depth must be equal to half the depth of flow
C. the semicircle drawn with top width as diameter must touch the three sides of the channel
D. All of these.
Answer: D
32. Hydraulic ram is a device
A. for lifting water without an electric motor
B. for accelerating water flow
C. for lifting heavy loads
D. none of these.
Answer: A
33. Gauge pressure is
A. absolute pressure – atmospheric pressure
B. absolute pressure + atmospheric pressure
C. atmospheric pressure – absolute pressure
D. none of these.
Answer: A
34. If jet of water coming out from a nozzle with a velocity 9.81 m/s, the angle of elevation being 30°, the time to reach the highest point is
A. 0.25 s
B. 0.50 s
C. 1.0 s
D. 1.5 s.
Answer: B
35. The discharge through a 100 mm diameter external mouth piece fitted to the side of a large vessel is 0.05948 m3/s. The head over the mouth piece is
A. 2 m
B. 2.5 m
C. 3.0 m
D. 4.0 m.
Answer: D
36. If cohesion between the molecules of a fluid is more than adhesion between the fluid and glass, the free level of fluid in a dipped glass tube will be
A. higher than the surface of liquid
B. same as the surface of liquid
C. lower than the surface of liquid
D. none of these.
Answer: C
37. The continuity equation
A. expresses the relationship between work and energy
B. relates the momentum per unit volume between two points on a stream line
C. relates mass rate of flow along a stream line
D. requires that Newton’s second law of motion be satisfied at every point in fluid.
Answer: C
38. In pipe lines, a surge tank is provided
A. to relieve the pressure due to water hammer
B. to provide additional water head
C. to overflow the pipe line when suddenly closed
D. to remove the frictional loss in pipe.
Answer: A
39. Total head of a liquid particle in motion is the sum of
A. potential head and kinetic head
B. kinetic head and pressure head
C. potential head and pressure head
D. potential head, kinetic head and pressure head.
Answer: D
40. The velocity distribution of viscous fluid through a circular/pipe is :
A. hyperbolic
B. circular
C. parabolic
D. elliptical.
Answer: C
41. If u, v, w are the components of the velocity v of a moving particle, the equation represents
A. one diamensional flow
B. two dimensional flow
C. three dimensional flow
D. none of these.
Answer: C
42. Mercury is generally used in barometers because
A. its vaour pressure is practically zero
B. the height of the barometer will be less
C. it is a best liquid
D. both (a) and (b) above
E. both (b) and (c) above.
Answer: D
43. Flow in pipes is laminar if Reynold number is
A. less than 2100
B. more than 3000
C. between 2100 and 3000
D. none of these.
Answer: A
44. In flow, the liquid particles may possess
A. potential energy
B. kinetic energy
C. pressure energy
D. all the above.
Answer: D
45. Euler’s equation for the motion of liquids assumes that
A. fluid is viscous
B. fluid is homogeneous and incompressible
C. velocity of flow is non-uniform over the section
D. flow is unsteady along the stream line.
Answer: B
46. The height of water level in a tank above the centre of a circular hole 2.5 cm in diameter is 50 m. The velocity of water flowing through the hole, is
A. 31.1 m/sec
B. 31.2 m/sec
C. 31.3 m/sec
D. 31.4 m/sec.
Answer: C
47. A steady uniform flow is through
A. a long pipe at decreasing rate
B. a long pipe at constant rate
C. an expanding tube at constant rate
D. an expanding tube at increasing rate
E. a long pipe at increasing rate.
Answer: B
48. Cavitation is caused by
A. Low pressure
B. High pressure
C. Low velocity
D. High velocity
E. None of these.
Answer: A
49. Mach number is the ratio of inertia force to
A. viscosity
B. surface tension
C. gravitational force
D. elasticity.
Answer: D
50. The main assumption of Bernoulli’s equation is :
A. The velocity of energy of liquid particle, across any cross-section of a pipe is uniform
B. No external force except the gravity acts on the liquid
C. There is no loss of energy of the liquid while flowing
D. All the above.
Answer: D
51. The velocity of the fluid particle at the centre of the pipe section, is
A. minimum
B. maximum
C. equal throughout
D. none of these.
Answer: B
52. Due to decrease of diameter of the droplet, inside pressure intensity
A. increases
B. decreases
C. remains unaffected
D. None of these.
Answer: A
53. In order to avoid capillary correction, the minimum diameter of a manometer used for measuring pressure, should be
A. 2 mm
B. 4 mm
C. 6 mm
D. 8 mm
E. 10 mm.
Answer: C
54. If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of the channels is made by comparing
A. Reynold number
B. Froude number
C. Weber number
D. Mach number.
Answer: B
55. When water flows over a rectangular suppressed weir, the negative pressure created beneath the nappe
A. increases the discharge
B. decreases the discharge
C. does not effect the discharge
D. none of these.
Answer: A
56. Barometres are used to measure
A. pressure in water channels, pipes etc.
B. difference in pressure at two points
C. atmospheric pressure
D. very low pressure
E. very high pressure.
Answer: C
57. For most economical rectangular section of a channel, the depth is kept
A. one-fourth of the width
B. three times the hydraulic radius
C. half the width
D. hydraulic mean depth
E. none of these.
Answer: C
58. In a centrifugual pump casing, the flow of water leaving the impeller, is
A. rectilinear flow
B. radial flow
C. free vortex motion
D. forced vertex.
Answer: C
59. In fluids, steady flow occurs when
A. conditions of flow change steadily with time
B. conditions of flow do not change with time at a point
C. conditions of flow remain the same at adjacent point
D. velocity vector remains constant at a point.
Answer: B
60. For the flow of liquid from an open ended tube (or nozzle) leading to the formation of spray of liquid drops, the number generally applied, is
A. Froude number
B. Weber number
C. Reynold number
D. Mach number.
Answer: B
61. An error of 1% in measuring the head of water over the crest of a triangular notch, produces an error in the discharge which is equal to
A. 1.25%
B. 1.5%
C. 2.0%.
D. 2.5%
Answer: D
62. To avoid vapourisation, pipe lines are laid over the ridge so that these are above the hydraulic gradient line, not more than
A. 2.4 m
B. 6.4 m
C. 10.0 m
D. 5.0 m.
Answer: B
63. A jet projected at an angle of 45θ, 40 m from the foot of a vertical column, just reaches the top of the column. The height of the column is
A. 15 m
B. 20 m
C. 30 m
D. 40 m
E. 60 m.
Answer: D
64. Atmospheric pressure varies with
A. altitude
B. temperature
C. weather conditions
D. all of the above.
Answer: D
65. The magnitude of water hammer in a pipe depends upon
A. speed at which value is closed
B. length of the pipe line
C. elastic properties of the pipe material
D. elastic properties of the following liquid
E. all the above.
Answer: E
66. If velocities of fluid particles vary from point to point in magnitude and direction, as well as from instant to instant, the flow is said to be
A. laminar
B. turbulent flow
C. uniform flow
D. non-uniform flow.
Answer: B
67. The rise of the liquid along the walls of a revolving cylinder above the initial level, is
A. greater than the depression of the liquid at the axis of rotation
B. lesser than the depression of the liquid at the axis of rotation
C. the same as the depression of the liquid at the axis of rotation
D. none of these.
Answer: C
68. Fluids change the volume under external presssure due to
A. plasticity
B. viscosity
C. compressibility
D. none of these.
Answer: C
69. Discharge over an ogee weir remains the same as that of
A. sharp crested weir
B. triangular weir
C. cippoletti weir
D. drowned weir.
Answer: C
70. When no air is left below the nappe and water stream adheres to the down stream face of the weir, it is known as
A. free nappe
B. depressed nappe
C. clinging nappe
D. none of these.
Answer: C
71. The best side slope for most economical trapezoidal section, is
A. 30°
B. 45°
C. 60°
D. None of these.
Answer: C
72. The following is not a laminar flow
A. Flow of oil in measuring instruments
B. Flow in beds in ground water
C. Rise of water in plants through roots
D. Flow of blood in the arteries of human body
E. Flow in water pipe lines.
Answer: E
73. Which one of the following statements is true ?
A. The value of kinetic energy correction factor for turbulent flow lies between 1.03 to 1.06
B. The value of kinetic energy correction factor for laminar flow is 2
C. The practical value of kinetic energy correction factor for turbulent flow is unity
D. all the above.
Answer: D
74. Molecules of fluids get attracted due to
A. capillarity action
B. surface tension
C. adhesion
D. cohesion
E. none of these.
Answer: C
75. Cappoletti weir is a
A. rectangular weir whose length is kept 3 times the height of the water above sill
B. triangular weir whose notch angle is 90°
C. trapezoidal weir, whose sides slope 1 horizontal to 2 verticals
D. a combination of rectangular and triangular weirs.
Answer: C
76. On an inclined plane, centre of pressure is located
A. at the centroid
B. above the centroid
C. below the centroid
D. anywhere.
Answer: C
77. Uniform flow is said to occur when
A. size and shape of the cross-section in a particular length remain constant
B. size and shape of the cross-section change along a length
C. frictional loss in the particular length of the channel will the more than the drop in its elevation
D. frictional loss in the particular length of the channel, will be less than the drop in elevation.
Answer: A
78. Atmospheric pressure is equal to water column head of
A. 9.81 m
B. 5.0 m
C. 10.30 m
D. 7.5 m.
Answer: C
79. Shear stress is directly proportional to
A. the velocity
B. the shear strain
C. the viscosity
D. the velocity.
Answer: B
80. To avoid an interruption in the flow of a syphon, an air vessel is provided
A. at the inlet
B. at the outlet
C. at the summit
D. at any point between intet and outlet.
Answer: C
81. Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. Total energy gradient is the graphical representation of the total head at any section of a pipe line
B. Vertical distance between the total energy line and hydraulic grade line is equal to the velocity head
C. Vertical distance between the total energy line and total energy gradient represents loss of head
D. all the above.
Answer: D
82. Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. When the length of the tube is equal to diameter of the internal mouth piece, the jet of liquid comes out without touching the sides of the tube
B. When the length of the tube is three times the diameter of the internal mouth piece, the jet diameter is equal to diameter of the tube.
C. both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer: C
83. If total head available at the inlet of pipe and f1 is the loss of head due to friction in the pipe, the maximum efficiency of transmission of power (ηmax) is
A. 1/2
B. 2/3
C. 3/4
D. 4/5
Answer: B
84. Piezometers are used to measure
A. pressure in water channels, pipes etc.
B. difference in pressure at two points
C. atmospheric pressure
D. very low pressure.
Answer: D
85. A fluid particle may possess the displacement of
A. translation
B. rotation
C. distortion
D. all the above.
Answer: D
86. The value of momentum correction factor (β) for a laminar flow through a circular pipe, is
A. 1/2
B. 2/3
C. 3/4
D. 4/3
E. 3/2
Answer: D
87. Manometers are used to measure
A. pressure in water channels, pipes etc.
B. difference in pressure at two points
C. atmospheric pressure
D. very low pressure.
Answer: A
88. Most economical section of a triangular channel, is
A. equilateral triangle
B. right angled triangle
C. isosceles triangle with 45° vertex angle
D. right angled triangle with equal sides.
Answer: D
89. In an open tube, free surface of mercury remains
A. horizontal
B. curved upwards
C. curved downwards
D. none of these.
Answer: C
90. For maximum horse power of a nozzle, the head supplied must be equal to
A. head loss in the pipe due to friction
B. twice the head loss in the pipe due to friction
C. thrice the head loss in the pipe due to friction
D. four times the head loss in the pipe due to friction.
Answer: C
91. The ratio of frictional factor and coefficient of friction used in general equation for a head loss in a pipe, is
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Answer: D
92. Flow in pipes is turbulent if Reynold number is
A. less than 2100
B. more than 3000
C. between 2100 and 3000
D. none of these.
Answer: B
93. Back water curve is caused if
A. friction head loss is more than the bed slope
B. pressure is due to weir in the channel
C. there is an increase in width of the channel
D. none of these.
Answer: B
94. Power transmitted through a pipe is maximum when friction head loss, is
A. one-half of the total head supplied
B. one-third of the total head supplied
C. one-fouth of the total head supplied
D. equal to the total head supplied.
Answer: B
95. Specific weight of liquid
A. remains constant at every place
B. does not remain constant at every place
C. varies from place to place on the earth
D. does not vary on any other planet.
Answer: D
96. Manning’s formula is used for
A. flow in open channels
B. head loss due to friction in open channels
C. head loss due to friction in pipes flowing full
D. flow in pipes.
Answer: B
97. A non-uniform steady flow is through
A. a long tube at a decreasing rate
B. an expanding tube at constant rate
C. an expanding tube at increasing rate
D. a long pipe at increasing rate.
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98. An ideal fluid is
A. incompressible
B. compressible
C. compressible and non-viscous
D. slightly affected by surface torque.
Answer: C
99. The flow in open channel is said to be subcritical if the Froude number is
A. less than 1.0
B. equal to 1.0
C. greater than 1.0
D. none.
Answer: A
100. In C.G.S. system the unit of visocity is
A. dyne
B. joule
C. poise
D. Newton
E. none of these.
Answer: C
101. The ratio of the percentage error in the discharge and percentage error in the measurement of head, over rectangular notch, is
A. 1/2
B. 2/3
C. 3/2
D. 3/4
Answer: C
102. Equation of continuity of flow is based on the principle of conservation of
A. mass
B. momentum
C. force
D. none of these.
Answer: A
103. In steady flow, which one of the following changes with time
A. velocity
B. pressure
C. density
D. none of these.
Answer: D
104. The notch angle for maximum discharge over a triangular notch, is
A. 30°
B. 60°
C. 90°
D. 120°
Answer: C
105. In an inclined pipe, the pressure difference at its two ends is due to
A. sudden head drop at inlet
B. exit head drop
C. frictional loss head
D. elevation head
E. all the above.
Answer: E
106. Weber number is the ratio of inertia force to
A. surface tension
B. gravitational force
C. elasticity
D. viscosity.
Answer: A
107. Though angle of deviation of liquid is more in internal mouth piece, the contraction of the jet, is
A. more in the internal mouth piece
B. less in the internal mouth piece
C. equal to external mouth piece
D. none of these.
Answer: A
108. An open container filled with water is moved vertically upward with a uniform linear acceleration. The pressure at its bottom will be
A. greater than static pressure
B. equal to static pressure
C. lesser than static pressure
D. none of these.
Answer: A
109. The gases are considered incompressible if Match number is
A. equal to 1.0
B. equal to 1.5
C. is more than 0.5
D. less than 0.2
Answer: D
110. The flow in which each liquid particle has a definite path and the paths of adjacent particles do not cross each other, is called
A. stream line flow
B. uniform flow
C. steady flow
D. turbulent flow.
Answer: A
111. The width of a weir with end contraction, is
A. equal to the width of the channel
B. less than the width of the channel
C. half the width of the channel
D. none of these.
Answer: B
112. The dimensionless parameter not applicable to flowing liquids, is
A. Reynold number
B. Weber number
C. Pressure coefficient
D. Kinematic viscosity
E. Friction factor.
Answer: D
113. The pressure rise due to water hammer depends upon
A. the velocity of flow of water in the pipe
B. the length of pipe
C. time taken to close the valve
D. the elasticity of the pipe material
E. All of above.
Answer: E
114. In a two dimensional flow if the components of the velocity are u = ax ; v = by, the point where no motion occurs, is known as
A. critical point
B. neutral point
C. stagnation point
D. stationary point
E. none of these.
Answer: C
115. Most economical section of a circular channel for maximum velocity, is if,
A. depth of water = 0.810 diameter
B. hydraulic mean depth = 0.304 diameter
C. wetted perimeter = 2.245 diameters
D. all the above.
Answer: D
116. The hydrostatic force acts through
A. centre of pressure
B. centre of top edge
C. centre of bottom edge
D. metacentre.
Answer: A
117. In an inclined position, a venturimeter records
A. more reading
B. less reading
C. same reading
D. none of these.
Answer: C
118. For a most economical rectangular channel, the width of the channel must be
A. equal to depth of flow
B. twice the depth of flow
C. half the depth of flow
D. None of these.
Answer: B
119. Pick up the incorrect statement from to following regarding triangular notch :
A. For measuring low discharge, it gives more accurate result
B. Only one reading (i.e. H) is required for computation of discharge
C. Ventilation is necessary
D. None of these.
Answer: C
120. The flow in a channel is said to be non-uniform, if
A. free water surface of an open channel is not parallel to the bed of channel
B. head needed to overcome frictional reistance is less than the drop in elevation of channel bed
C. head needed to overcome frictional resistance is more than the drop in elevation of channel bed
D. all the above.
Answer: D
121. In a short cylindercial external mouthpiece, the venacontracta occurs at a distance from the outlet of orifice equal to
A. diameter of the orifice
B. one-fourth the diameter of the orifice
C. one-third the diameter of the orifice
D. two-third the diameter of the orifice
Answer: B
122. ‘Flow net’ can be drawn only if the flow is
A. turbulent
B. rotational
C. distortion
D. none of these.
Answer: C
123. The flow in open channel is laminar if the Reynold number is
A. less than 500
B. more than 500
C. 1000
D. none of these.
Answer: A
124. Centre of buoyancy is
A. centroid of the floating body
B. centroid of the fluid displaced
C. centre of pressure of the displaced liquid
D. none of these.
Answer: B
125. The intensity of pressure due to sudden closure of a valve of a pipe in which water flows with velocity v, is directly proportional to :
A. square root of the bulk modulus of elasticity of water
B. bulk modulus of elasticity of water
C. specific weight of water
D. none of these.
Answer: A
126. Total energy line is
A. pressure head
B. datum head
C. kinetic head
D. All the above.
Answer: D
127. For critical flow, the Froude number is :
A. 1.0
B. less than 1.0
C. more than 1.0
D. 2
Answer: A
128. A stepped notch is a combination of
A. rectangular notches of different sizes
B. triangular notches of different sizes
C. rectangular and triangular notches
D. all the above.
Answer: A
129. The centre of pressure of a vertical plane immersed in a liquid is at
A. centre of higher edge
B. centre of lower edge
C. centroid of the area
D. none of these.
Answer: D
130. The ratio of the hydraulic radius of a pipe running full to the hydraulic radius of a square section of a channel whose side is equal to the diameter of the pipe, is
A. 1
B.
C.
D.
Answer: D
131. A body of dimensions 1.5 m x 1.0 m x 2 m weighs 3000 kg in water. Its specific gravity is
A. 0.8
B. 0.9
C. 1.0
D. 1.1
Answer: D
132. An orifice is called a large orifice if water head, is
A. twice the diameter of the orifice
B. thrice the diameter of the orifice
C. four times the diameter of the orifice
D. five times the diameter of the orifice.
Answer: D
133. When a liquid rotates at constant angular velocity about a vertical axis of a rigid body, the pressure
A. increases linearly to its radial distance
B. varies inversely as the altitude along any vertical line
C. varies as the square of the radial distance
D. decreases as the square of the radial distance
E. none of these.
Answer: C
134. For the two dimensional flow, the stream function is given by ψ = 2xy. The velocity at a point (3, 4) is
A. 6 m/sec
B. 8 m/sec
C. 10 m/sec
D. 12 m/sec
E. 15 m/sec.
Answer: C
135. A floating body attains stable equilibrium if its metacentre is
A. at the centroid
B. above the centroid
C. below the centroid
D. anywhere.
Answer: B
136. An ideal fluid
A. is frictionless and incompressible
B. obeys Newton’s law of velocity
C. is similar to gas
D. is very viscous.
Answer: A
137. In C.G.S. system the units of kinematic viscosity, is
A. stoke
B. poise
C. Newton
D. none of these.
Answer: A
138. A triangular notch is preferred to a rectangular notch because
A. only one reading is required
B. its formula is simple to remember
C. it gives more accurate results for low discharge
D. it measures a wide range of flows accurately
E. all the above.
Answer: E
139. In case of laminar flow through a circular pipe,
A. momentum correction factor is 1.33
B. energy correction factor is 2.00
C. both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b).
Answer: C
140. A rise or fall of liquid in a glass tube of a very small diameter when dipped is
A. directly proportional to the force per unit length of periphery
B. direcly proportional to the sine of the angle of contact
C. directly proportional to the specific weight of liquid
D. inversely proportional to the diameter of the glass tube.
Answer: C
141. To measure very low pressure, we use
A. barometers
B. piezometers
C. manometers
D. differential manometers.
Answer: C
142. The pressure less than atmospheric , pressure, is known
A. suction pressure
B. vacuum pressure
C. negative gauge pressure
D. all the above.
Answer: D
143. A spherical load 900 kg is rolled through 9.8 m across the deck of a ship weighing 10, 000 kg. If the metacentric height of the ship is 5 metres, the angle of heel, is
A. 10° 5′
B. 10° 10′
C. 10° 15′
D. 10° 20′
Answer: C
144. Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. In incompressible flow the density of a fluid remains constant
B. In compressible flow, the density of a fluid changes from point to point
C. In uniform flow, the velocity of a fluid does not change with respect to length of flow direction
D. All the above.
Answer: D
145. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following :
A. In radial flow, fluid flows such that pressure and velocity at any point change with respect to its distance from the central axis
B. In radial flow, velocity of flow is in a radial direction
C. In radial flow, flow may take place radially inward to or outward from the centre
D. In radial flow, flow is one dimensional with stream lines parallel.
Answer: D
146. Chezy’s formula is used to determine
A. head loss due to friction in pipe
B. velocity of flow in pipe
C. velocity of flow in open channels
D. none of these.
Answer: C
147. The metacentric height of a body equals the distance between
A. the centre of gravity and centre of buoyancy
B. the metacentre and centre of gravity
C. the centre of buoyancy and metacentre
D. none of these.
Answer: B
148. Discharge through a totally submerged orifice, is directly proportional to
A. difference in elevation of water surfaces
B. square root of the difference in elevation of water surface
C. square root of the opening
D. reciprocal of the area of the opening
E. none of these.
Answer: B
149. Frictional loss of head includes the loss of energy due to
A. viscosity
B. turbulence
C. both (a) and (b)
D. none of these.
Answer: D
150. The length of hydraulic jump is roughly
A. 2 to 3 times its height
B. 3 to 5 times its height
C. 5 to 7 times its height
D. None of these.
Answer: C
151. For a most economical trapezoidal open channel, the half of the top width must be equal to
A. the bed width
B. one sloping side
C. the depth of flow
D. None of these.
Answer: B
152. Pick up the correct statement regarding convergent divergent mouth piece from the following :
A. It converges upto Venacontracta and then diverges
B. In this mouth piece there is no loss of energy due to sudden enlargement
C. The coefficient of discharge is unity
D. All the above.
Answer: D
153. The value of kinetic energy correction factor (a) for a laminar flow through a circular pipe, is
A. 0.5
B. 1.0
C. l.5
D. 2.0
E. 2.5
Answer: D
154. One metric slug is equal to
A. 1 kg wt
B. 9.81 kg wt
C. 9.81 kg mass
D. 0.98 kg wt.
Answer: C
155. Falling drops of water become spheres due to
A. adhesion
B. cohesion
C. surface tension
D. viscosity.
Answer: C
156. The most efficient channel section, is
A. semi-circular
B. rectangular
C. triangular
D. half hexagon in the form of trapezoid.
Answer: D
157. With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge, is
A. 6% to 7%
B. 8% to 10%
C. 18% to 20%
D. 25% to 30%
E. 30% to 40%.
Answer: D
158. For steady flow in open channels, which one of the following does not change :
A. depth of flow
B. velocity of flow
C. rate of flow
D. All of these.
Answer: D
159. Equation of continuity of fluids is applicable only if
A. flow is steady
B. flow is compressive
C. flow is one dimensional
D. velocity is uniform over the cross-sections
E. all the above.
Answer: E
160. The flow in open channel is said to be critical if the Froude number is :
A. less than 1.0
B. equal to 1.0
C. greater than 1.0
D. None of these.
Answer: B
161. An orifice is an opening in a vessel with
A. closed perimeter of regular shape through which water flows
B. the water level of the liquid on the up stream side is below the top of the orifice
C. partially full flow
D. prolonged sides having length of 2 to 3 diameters of the opening in thick wall.
Answer: A
162. The imaginary line drawn such that the tangents at its all points indicate the direction of the velocity of the fluid particles at each point, is called
A. path line
B. stream line
C. potential line
D. streak line.
Answer: B
163. A nozzle is fitted at the end of a pipe whose length is 320 m and diameter is 10 cm. If the value of f = 0.01, the diameter of the nozzle for the maximum transmission of power through the nozzle is
A. 2.4 cm
B. 2.5 cm
C. 2.6 cm
D. 2.7 cm.
Answer: B
164. When the whole fluid mass rotates either due to fluid pressure or gravity or rotation previously imparted, the motion is known as
A. free vortex
B. forced vortex
C. non-potential vortex
D. rotational vortex.
Answer: A
165. The ratio of the maximum height to which a jet inclined through θ rises to its total horizontal span is
A. sin θ
B. cos θ
C. tan θ
D. cot θ.
Answer: C
166. For solving the problems is hydraulic engineering, the velocity used is
A. velocity at the centre of pipe section
B. average velocity of flow over a section
C. mean of the velocities at the centre and that along the pipe surface
D. none of these.
Answer: B
167. The shape of fire hose nozzle is generally kept
A. divergent
B. convergent
C. convergent divergent
D. cylindrical.
Answer: B
168. The line joining the points to which the liquid rises in vertical piezometer tubes fitted at different cross-sections of a conduit, is known as
A. hydraulic gradient
B. piezometric line
C. pressure grade line
D. hydraulic grade line
E. all the above.
Answer: E
169. Practical fluids possess
A. viscosity
B. surface tension
C. compressibility
D. all the above.
Answer: D
170. The depth of the centre of pressure on a vertical rectangular gate (4 m wide, 3 m high) with water upto top surface, is
A. 1.0 m
B. 1.5 m
C. 2.0 m
D. 2.5 m.
Answer: C
171. The differential equation dp/ρ + gdz + vdv = 0 for a fluid motion is suggested by
A. Bernoulli
B. Cauchy-Riemann
C. Laplace
D. Leonard Euler.
Answer: D
172. An open container filled with water is moved vertically downward with a uniform linear acceleration. The pressure at its bottom will be
A. greater than static pressure
B. equal to static pressure
C. lesser than static pressure
D. none of these.
Answer: C
173. For uniform flow in canals
A. there is a balance between the frictional loss and drop in elevation of the channel
B. bed and free water surfaces of a channel are parallel to each other
C. bed of channel represents the hydraulic gradient
D. all the above.
Answer: D
174. If H is height of the liquid above the sill, the effect of end contractions, according to Francis formula, is
A. 0.1 H
B. 0.2 H
C. 0.3 H
D. 0.4 H
E. 0.5 H.
Answer: A
175. Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. For maximum velocity of flow, the depth of water in the circular channel must be 0.81 times the diameter of the channel
B. For maximum velocity, the hydraulic mean depth must be 0.3 times the diameter of circular channel
C. For maximum discharge the depth of flow must be 0.95 times the diameter of circular channel
D. All the above.
Answer: D
176. In flowing liquids pitot tubes are used measure
A. discharge
B. pressure
C. velocity
D. depth.
Answer: C
177. Capillary rise of water is
A. directly proportional to surface tension
B. inversely proportional to water density
C. inversely proportional to diameter of the tube
D. All of these.
Answer: D
178. A water tank partially filled with water is being carried on a truck moving with a constant horizontal acceleration. The level of the water
A. rises on the front side of the tank
B. falls on the back side of the tank
C. remains the same at both sides of the tank
D. rises on the back side and falls on the front side
E. none of these.
Answer: D
179. An error of 1% in measuring the head of water over the crest of a rectangular weir, produces an error in the discharge which is equal to
A. 1.25%
B. 1.5%
C. 1.75%
D. 2.25%
Answer: B
180. Orifice-meter is used to measure
A. pressure at the point
B. discharge
C. average speed
D. velocity.
Answer: B
181. Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. Dimensional homogeneity means the dimensions of each term in an equation on both sides are equal
B. Dimensionally homogeneous equations are independent of the system of units
C. In dimensionally homogeneous equation, the powers of fundamental dimensions on either side of the equation are identical
D. All the above.
Answer: D
182. The ratio of inertia force of a flowing fluid and the viscous force of the liquid is called :
A. Renold’s number
B. Froude’s number
C. Euler’s number
D. Weber’s number.
Answer: A
183. Water belongs to
A. Newtonian fluids
B. non-Newtonian fluids
C. compressible fluid
D. none of these.
Answer: A
184. Hydraulic radius is equal to
A. area divided by the square of wetted perimeter
B. area divided by wetted perimeter
C. wetted perimeter divided by area
D. square root of the area.
Answer: B
185. The acceleration f required to accelerate a rectangular tank containing water horizontally so that the slope of its free surface is 45°, is
A. g/2
B. g
C. 2 g
D. 2.5 g
E. 3 g.
Answer: B
186. For solving network problems of pipes, necessary condition is
A. continuity equation
B. energy equation
C. Darcy-Weisbach equation
D. all the above.
Answer: D
187. In a fluid flow a particle may posses
A. elevation energy
B. kinetic energy
C. pressure energy
D. initial energy
E. all the above.
Answer: E
188. In two dimensional flow the components of velocity are given by u = ax; v = by. The stream lines will be
A. circular
B. parabolic
C. hyperbolic
D. elliptical.
Answer: C
189. For a most economical rectangular channel, the hydraulic mean depth, is equal to
A. the depth of flow
B. half the depth of flow
C. one-third depth of flow
D. None of these.
Answer: B
190. The instrument used for measuring the velocity of flow, is known as
A. venturimeter
B. orifice meter
C. pitot tube
D. none of these.
Answer: C
191. For a long pipe, the head loss
A. at the entrance is ignored
B. at the outlet is ignored
C. at the entrance and outlet both are ignored
D. due to friction is ignored.
Answer: C
192. On a flow net diagram, the distance between two consecutive steam lines at two successive sections are 1 cm and 0.5 cm respectively. If the velocity at the first section is 1 m/sec, the velocity at the second is
A. 1.0 m/sec
B. 0.5 m/sec
C. 2.0 m/sec
D. 2.5 m/sec
E. 3 m/sec.
Answer: C
193. The flow is called rotational if its velocity normal to the plane of area is equal to
A. angular velocity vector
B. twice the angular velocity vector
C. thrice the angular velocity vector
D. none of these.
Answer: B
194. Hydraulic grade line
A. remains above the centre line of conduit
B. remains below the centre line of conduit
C. remains parallel to the centre line of conduit
D. may be above or below the centre line of conduit.
Answer: D
195. If the Mach number for a fluid flow is less than 1, the flow is
A. sonic
B. supersonic
C. sub-sonic
D. none of these.
Answer: C
196. Hydraulic coefficient of an orifice means the coefficient of
A. velocity
B. contraction
C. resistance
D. all the above.
Answer: D
197. Energy equation is usually applicable to
A. non-uniform flow
B. turbulent flow
C. laminar flow
D. steady flow.
Answer: D
198. In a venturimeter, the divergent cone is kept
A. shorter than convergent cone
B. equal to covergent cone
C. longer than convergent cone
D. none of these.
Answer: C
199. Specific weight of sea water is more than that of pure water because of
A. dissolved air
B. dissolved salts
C. suspended matter
D. all the above.
Answer: D
200. The upper surface of the weir over which water flows, is known as
A. vein
B. nappe
C. sill
D. none of these.
Answer: C
201. The ratio of the inertia and viscous forces acting in any flow, ignoring other forces, is called
A. Euler number
B. Frode number
C. Reynold number
D. Weber number.
Answer: C
202. Poise is the unit of
A. viscosity
B. velocity gradient
C. mass density
D. kinematic viscous.
Answer: A
203. For mountaneous regions having steep slope, wagons for carrying liquid are made with bottom
A. parallel to the road surface
B. parallel to the horizontal surface
C. inclined upward while moving upwards
D. inclined downward while moving downwards.
Answer: B
204. To avoid the tendency of separation of liquid flow, the most suitable ratio of the diameters of the throat and the pipe, is
A. 1/4 to 1/8
B. 1/3 to 1/2
C. 1/2 to 3/4.
D. none of these.
Answer: B
